Vascular malformations
ثبت نشده
چکیده
1. Venous malformations: congenital venous anomalies pathologically characterised by anomalous veins (thickened and hyalinised walls) separated by normal brain. These anatomically abnormal veins drain normal brain tissue. It is thought that they result from intrauterine ischemic event occurring during the formation of medullary veins resulting in collateral venous drainage. This is the most common vascular malformation accounting for 65% of all cases. The prevalence in autopsy series up to 2.5%. Most commonly located adjacent to the cortex or in periventricular region. Infratentorial lesions are always in the cerebellum. Most commonly solitary and commonly associated with other vascular malformations particularly cavernomas. The majority are asymptomatic. The risk of haemorrhage if any is minimal (prospective risk in 1 study was 0, 3% per year) and one should always look for another cause of haemorrhage (associated cavernoma). The association with seizures is controversial and rarely do they can thrombose causing infarction. This malformation gives the appearance of caput medusae on angiograms (radially arranged anomalous veins that converge into large draining vein). Surgery is not indicated for these benign lesions and injury to these veins can cause venous infarction. 2. Capillary telangiectasia: The second most common vascular malformation characterised by a tuft of dilated capillaries with normal intervening brain (no gliosis or hemosiderin). The capillaries are normal except for dilatation. They are solitary in 78% of cases and most commonly located in the pons (71%). Grossly look like a small area of petechial haemorrhage. Microscopically there are small tufts of capillaries which are structurally normal. Normal parenchyma is present in between the capillaries. These are angiographically occult lesions not detected on CT or angiogram. MRI-small homogeneously enhancing lesions with loss of signal on gradient echo sequences. These are benign and asymptomatic lesions and usually discovered incidentally at autopsy or on MRI scan and only extremely rarely are associated with haemorrhage and in that case one should look for other cause and treat the ICH as usual. 3. Cavernous angiomas (cavernomas):
منابع مشابه
High-Flow Vascular Malformation of Ear: A Case Report
Vascular anomalies are categorized into vascular tumours or vascular malformations on the basis of clinical features and histopathology. The literature regarding high flow arteriovenous malformations of the auricle is rare. A case of a patient clinically diagnosed with an arteriovenous malformation of the external ear and was managed with preoperative embolization, surgical excision and reconst...
متن کاملArteriovenous malformations of the colon: A report of two cases and review of the literature
Background: Arteriovenous malformations are one of the most common vascular disorders of the colon. Vascular disorders present as painless, high-volume rectal bleeding. Case Presentation: This study elucidates two rare cases of vascular disorders that are diagnosed as angiodysplasia of the left colon and cavernous hemangioma of the colon and rectum. The chief complaint in two patients ...
متن کاملOsseous Metaplasia Mimicking Long Bone in Intramuscular Vascular Malformation
We describe a case of intramuscular vascular malformation with extensive ossification within the posterior compartment muscles of leg which grossly mimicked long bone leading to equinus deformity of foot. Phleboliths and calcifications are characteristic of vascular malformations, while massive ossification is rare. To our knowledge, no extensive ossified vascular malformation within the leg mu...
متن کاملA case report and brief review of the literature of an unusual vascular malformation: linear verrucous hemangioma
Verrucous hemangiomas (VH) are uncommon, congenital vascular malformations of the cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues that spare the deeper subfacial structures. VH usually presents at birth and slowly grows with age. It usually presents as hyperkeratotic, scattered, bluish-red plaques or nodules of various sizes. Although the lesions mostly have a linear pattern, serpiginous and reticulat...
متن کاملArteriovenous malformations and other vascular malformation syndromes.
Vascular malformations are a disruption of the normal vascular pattern in which it is expected that a capillary network of microscopic vessels lies interposed between high-pressure arteries that deliver blood and thin-walled veins that collect low-pressure blood for return to the heart. In the case of arteriovenous malformations, arteries or arterioles connect directly to the venous collection ...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
دوره شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2009